Description
Product Characteristics:
Glycophorins A, B and C are sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane, which bear the antigenic determinants for the MN, Ss and Gerbich blood groups, respectively. Glycophorins span the membrane once and present their amino-terminal end to the extracellular surface of the human erythrocyte. The genetic array of expressed glycophorin surface antigens on erythrocytes defines the blood group phenotype of the individual. The human Glycophorin A gene maps to chromosome 4q31.21, contains seven exons which are 97 % homologous to Glycophorin B, and encodes a 150 amino acid protein. The human Glycophorin B gene maps to chromosome 4q31.21 and encodes a 91 amino acid protein. The human Glycophorin C gene maps to chromosome 2q14.3 and contains four exons. Glycophorin C transcript can generate two protein isoforms. Isoform 1 includes all 4 exons and encodes the full length 128 amino acid protein. Isoform 2 is missing exon 2 and encodes a 109 amino acid protein, which specifies the Yus subtype of the Gerbich phenotype.
Subcellular location: Cell membrane
Synonyms: SS, GPB, MNS, PAS-3, CD235b, GPB.NY, HGpMiX, GpMiIII, HGpMiVI, GYPHe.NY, HGpMiIII, Glycophorin-B, SS-active sialoglycoprotein, Sialoglycoprotein delta, GYPB
Target Information: Glycophorins A (GYPA) and B (GYPB) are major sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane which bear the antigenic determinants for the MN and Ss blood groups. GYPB gene consists of 5 exons and has 97% sequence homology with GYPA from the 5' UTR to the coding sequence encoding the first 45 amino acids. In addition to the M or N and S or s antigens, that commonly occur in all populations, about 40 related variant phenotypes have been identified. These variants include all the variants of the Miltenberger complex and several isoforms of Sta\\\\, also, Dantu, Sat, He, Mg, and deletion variants Ena, S-s-U- and Mk. Most of the variants are the result of gene recombinations between GYPA and GYPB. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]